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This is an AIML final test sample paper which is MCQ based. Helpful for College/University level students. This test contains questions from almost all concepts of AIML subject (B.E/B. Tech)
This AIML final test sample paper is the end semester exam for B.E/B. Tech students.
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Practice Paper | AIML FINAL TEST SAMPLE PAPER
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AIML Final Test Sample Paper
PASSAGE
Consider the water jug problem in AI. In this problem, we have to use two jugs called four and three; four holds a maximum of four gallons of water and three a maximum of three gallons of water. The Goal is to get two gallons of water in the four jug.
Q1. Choose the correct initial state:
a) (0, 0)
b) (4, 0)
c) (0, 3)
d) (4, 3)
Answer: a) (0, 0)
Q2. Number of steps in which goal state in achieved?
a) 7
b) 6
c) 8
d) 9
Answer: a) 7
Q3. Select production rules that represent transfer operation.
a) (x, y) = (x+y, 0), if x+y <= 4, y>0
b) (x, y) = (4, y)
c) (x, y) = (x, 3)
d) None
Answer: a) (x, y) = (x+y, 0), if x+y <= 4, y>0
Q4. Select the operations involved in the process.
a) Fill
b) Empty
c) Transfer
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d) All of the mentioned
Q5. Choose the correct final state:
a) (2, 0)
b) (0, 2)
c) (2, 3)
d) (4, 3)
Answer: a) (2, 0)
PASSAGE
Refer the semantic net in the diagram to answer the questions.
Q6. In semantic nets, to find relationships among objects are determined by spreading activation out from each of 2 nodes and identify where the activation meets. This process is called?
a) Associative Search
b) Object Search
c) Knowledge Search
d) Intersection Search
Answer: d) Intersection Search
Q7. Which word represent inheritance relation?
a) is_a
b) instance_of
c) type_of
d) kind_of
Answer: a) is_a
Q8. What is the relation between mat and cat?
a) Cat sits on the mat
b) cat plays with mat
c) cat sleeps on mat
d) cat likes mat
Answer: a) Cat sits on the mat
Q9. Choose the incorrect sentence.
a) Tom is owned by John.
b) Tom is ginger in colour.
c) All mammals are animals.
d) Cats dislike cream.
Answer: d) Cats dislike cream.
Q10. What is the relationship between Tom and John?
a) john owns tom
b) tom owns john
c) tom and john are mammals
d) tom and john are cats
Answer: a) john owns tom
PASSAGE
Bio-inspired computing, short for biologically inspired computing, is a field of study which seeks to solve computer science problems using models of biology. It relates to connectionism, social behavior, and emergence. Within computer science, bio-inspired computing relates to artificial intelligence and machine learning. Bio-inspired computing is a major subset of natural computation.
Q11. Neural Computing deals with
a) mimics human brain
b) brain’s information processing paradigm
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)
Q12. Genetic Algorithms replicate the concept of
a) Evolution
b) Human brain
c) Biodegradability
d) Immune System
Answer: a) Evolution
Q13. What are the two main features of Genetic Algorithm?
a) Crossover techniques & Random mutation
b) Individuals among the population & Random mutation
c) Random mutation & Fitness function
d) Fitness function & Crossover techniques
Answer: d) Fitness function & Crossover techniques
Q14. Challenges in Brain-Inspired computing can be
a) Unclear Brain mechanism cognition
b) Unclear Brain-inspired computational models and algorithms
c) Constrained Computational architecture and capabilities
d) all of the mentioned
Answer: d) all of the mentioned
Q15. What are the advantages of neural networks over conventional computers?
(i) They have the ability to learn by example
(ii) They are more fault tolerant
(iii) They are more suited for real time operation due to their high computational rates
a) Only ii is true
b) Both i and ii are true
c) None
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d) All of the mentioned
Q16. Evolutionary Computation is
a) In computer science, evolutionary computation is a family of algorithms for global optimization inspired by biological evolution, and the subfield of artificial intelligence and soft computing studying these algorithms.
b) In computational intelligence (CI), an evolutionary computation (EC) is a subset of evolutionary algorithm, a generic population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm.
c) EC is a logic in a form of many-valued logic in which the truth values of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1 both inclusive
d) EC is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, natural or artificial.
Answer: a)
Q17. What is Neuro software?
a) A software used to analyze neurons
b) It is powerful and easy neural network
c) Designed to aid experts in real world
d) It is software used by Neurosurgeon
Answer: b) It is powerful and easy neural network
PASSAGE
Solve using Best First Search
Q18. Evaluate the most optimal path when ‘S’ is the start node and ‘G’ is the goal node (using Best First Search)
a) SDEG
b) SABDEG
c) SABCG
d) SDBEG
Answer: a) SDEG
Q19. Greedy best-first search is complete, if the given state space is finite.
a) Yes
b) No
c) N/A
Answer: b) No
Q20. Best-First search can be implemented using the following data structure.
a) Queue
b) Priority Queue
c) Stack
d) Circular Queue
Answer: b) Priority Queue
Q21. Greedy search strategy chooses the node for expansion in _______.
a) Shallowest
b) Deepest
c) The one closest to the goal node
d) Minimum heuristic cost
Answer: c) The one closest to the goal node
Q22. Best-First Search is a type of informed search, which uses _______ to choose the best next node for expansion.
a) Evaluation function returning lowest evaluation
b) Evaluation function returning highest evaluation
c) Evaluation function returning lowest & highest evaluation
d) None
Answer: a) Evaluation function returning lowest evaluation
Explanation:Best-first search is an instance of the general TREE-SEARCH or GRAPH-SEARCH algorithm in which a node is selected for expansion based on an evaluation function, f (n). Traditionally, the node with the lowest evaluation is selected for expansion, because the evaluation measures distance to the goal.
PASSAGE
Trendyol which is leading e-commerce company based on Turkey faced threat from global competitors like Adidas and ASOS, particularly for sportswear. To help gain customer loyalty and enhance its emailing system, it partnered with vendor Liveclicker, which specializes in real-time personalization. Trendyol used machine learning and artificial intelligence to create several highly personalized marketing campaigns. It also helped to distinguish which messages would be most relevant to which customers. It also created an offer for a football jersey imposing the recipient’s name on the back to ramp up personalization. By creatively using one-to-one personalization, the retailer’s open rates, click-through rates, conversions, and sales reached all-time highs. It generated a 30% increase in click-through rates for Trendyol, a 62% growth in response rates, and an impressive 130% increase in conversion rates. It has now also employed strong marketing functions like social media utilization, mobile app, SEO blogs, celebrity endorsement, etc to reach its customer base.
Q23. If the human labelled data is taken into consideration this is categorized as kind of Machine learning.
a) Unsupervised
b) Supervised
c) Regression
d) All
Answer: b) Supervised
Q24. Select example of Machine Learning that reduces business costs and increase revenue.
a) price optimization
b) behavioral customer tracking via video analytics or recommender systems
c) predictive maintenance and inventory optimization
d) All
Answer: d) All
Q25. Companies that are investing in AIML for achieving business goals in a better way.
a) Trendyol
b) Dell
c) Google
d) All
Answer: d) All
Q26. What is Reinforcement learning?
a) Reinforcement learning involves an agent that interacts with its environment by producing actions & discovers errors or rewards.
b) Reinforcement learning is a method in which the machine is trained on unlabeled data or without any guidance.
c) Reinforcement learning is a method in which the machine learns using labeled data.
d) None is correct
Answer: a)
Q27. Which is more important to you – model accuracy or mode performance?
a) Model Performance
b) Model Accuracy
c) Model Performance is estimated in terms of Accuracy
d) None
Answer: c) Model Performance is estimated in terms of Accuracy
PASSAGE
Consider the problem of finding the shortest route through several cities, such that each city is visited only once and in the end return to the starting city (the Travelling Salesman problem). Suppose that in order to solve this problem we use a genetic algorithm, in which genes represent links between pairs of cities. For example, a link between London and Paris is represented by a single gene ‘LP’.
Let also assume that the direction in which we travel is not important, so that LP = PL.
Q28. Crossover can be performed
a) at single point
b) Two points
c) Uniform Crossover
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d) All of the mentioned
Q29. Real world Applications of GA include
a) Traffic and Shipment Routing
b) Robotics
c) Engineering Design
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d) All of the mentioned
Q30. How many genes will be used in a chromosome of each individual if the number of cities is 10?
a) 10
b) 20
c) 100
d) 1
Answer: a) 10
Explanation:Each chromosome will consist of 10 genes. Each gene representing the path between a pair of cities in the tour.
Q31. How many genes will be in the alphabet of the algorithm?
a) 90
b) 45
c) 10
d) 9
Answer: b) 45
Explanation:The alphabet will consist of 45 genes. Indeed, each of the 10 cities can be connected with 9 remaining. Thus, 10 × 9 = 90 is the number of ways in which 10 cities can be grouped in pairs. However, because the direction is not important (i.e. London–Paris is the same as Paris–London) the number must be divided by 2. So, we shall need 90/2 = 45 genes in order to encode all pairs. In general the formula for n cities is: n(n − 1)/2
Q32. Role of Selection Operator is to
a) This operator implements the inheritance property
b) This operator is needed to bring some random diversity into the genetic code
c) calculates and returns the fitness of an individual solution
d) Chooses individual from the current population for reproduction
Answer: d) Chooses individual from the current population for reproduction
Explanation:Selection operator defines the way individuals in the current population are selected for reproduction. There are many strategies for that (e.g. roulette–wheel, ranked, tournament selection, etc), but usually the individuals which are more fit are selected.
PASSAGE
Suppose a genetic algorithm uses chromosomes of the form x = abcdefgh with a fixed length of eight genes. Each gene can be any digit between 0 and 9. Let the fitness of individual x be calculated as:
f(x) = (a + b) − (c + d) + (e + f) − (g + h) ,
and let the initial population consist of four individuals with the following chromosomes:
x1 = 6 5 4 1 3 5 3 2
x2 = 8 7 1 2 6 6 0 1
x3 = 2 3 9 2 1 2 8 5
x4 = 4 1 8 5 2 0 9 4
Q33. Fitness of x2 is:
a) 9
b) -19
c) -16
d) 23
Answer: d) 23
Explanation:f(x2) = (8 + 7) − (1 + 2) + (6 + 6) − (0 + 1) = 23
Q34. Main Features of Genetic Algorithm includes
a) Mutation
b) Selection
c) Crossover
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d) All of the mentioned
Q35. Arrange individuals in order with the fittest first and the least fit last.
a) x2, x1, x3 and x4
b) x1, x2, x3 and x4
c) x2, x1, x4 and x3
d) x4, x1, x3 and x2
Answer: a) x2, x1, x3 and x4
Explanation:f(x1) = (6 + 5) − (4 + 1) + (3 + 5) − (3 + 2) = 9
f(x2) = (8 + 7) − (1 + 2) + (6 + 6) − (0 + 1) = 23
f(x3) = (2 + 3) − (9 + 2) + (1 + 2) − (8 + 5) = −16
f(x4) = (4 + 1) − (8 + 5) + (2 + 0) − (9 + 4) = −19
The order is x2, x1, x3 and x4.
Q36. Cross the fittest two individuals using one-point crossover at the middle point.
a) O1 = 8 7 1 2 3 5 3 2 O2 = 6 5 4 1 6 6 0 1
b) O1 = 8 7 1 2 6 6 0 1 O2 = 6 5 4 1 3 5 3 2
c) O1 = 2 3 9 2 2 0 9 4 O2 = 4 1 8 5 1 2 8 5
d) O1 = 6 5 9 2 1 2 3 2 O2 = 2 3 4 1 3 5 8 5
Answer: a) O1 = 8 7 1 2 3 5 3 2 O2 = 6 5 4 1 6 6 0 1
Explanation:One–point crossover on x2 and x1:
x2 = 8 7 1 2 | 6 6 0 1
x1 = 6 5 4 1 | 3 5 3 2
⇒
O1 = 8 7 1 2 3 5 3 2
O2 = 6 5 4 1 6 6 0 1
Q37. Cross the second and third fittest individuals using a two–point crossover (points b and f).
a) O1 = 8 7 1 2 3 5 3 2 O2 = 6 5 4 1 6 6 0 1
b) O1 = 8 7 1 2 6 6 0 1 O2 = 6 5 4 1 3 5 3 2
c) O1 = 2 3 9 2 2 0 9 4 O2 = 4 1 8 5 1 2 8 5
d) O1 = 6 5 9 2 1 2 3 2 O2 = 2 3 4 1 3 5 8 5
Answer: d) O1 = 6 5 9 2 1 2 3 2 O2 = 2 3 4 1 3 5 8 5
Explanation:Two–point crossover on x1 and x3:
x1 = 6 5 | 4 1 3 5 | 3 2
x3 = 2 3 | 9 2 1 2 | 8 5
⇒
O3 = 6 5 9 2 1 2 3 2
O4 = 2 3 4 1 3 5 8 5
Q38. Role of Crossover operator is to
a) This operator implements the inheritance property
b) This operator is needed to bring some random diversity into the genetic code
c) calculates and returns the fitness of an individual solution
d) Chooses individual from the current population for reproduction
Answer: a) This operator implements the inheritance property
Explanation:Crossover operator defines how chromosomes of parents are mixed in order to obtain genetic codes of their offspring (e.g. one–point, two–point, uniform crossover, etc). This operator implements the inheritance property (offspring inherit genes of their parents).
Choose the correct options: (AIML final test sample paper) – 0.5 marks
Q39. Which environment type is not valid?
a) Discrete / Continuous
b) Static / Dynamic
c) Deterministic / Non-deterministic
d) No agent / Multiple agents
Answer: d) No agent / Multiple agents
Q40. The Face Recognition system is based on?
a) Strong Artificial Intelligence approach
b) Weak Artificial Intelligence approach
c) Cognitive Artificial Intelligence approach
d) Applied Artificial Intelligence approach
Answer: d) Applied Artificial Intelligence approach
Explanation:Applied Artificial Intelligence approach aims to produce commercially viable “smart” systems such as, for example, a security system that is able to recognize the faces of people who permitted to enter a particular building. Applied Artificial Intelligence has already enjoyed considerable success.
Q41. Which of the mentioned definitions correctly define ‘move’ for an AI agent?
a) When the agent moves from one place to another then it is called the move of the agent
b) When the agent goes from one state to another, it is known as a move
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of the above
Answer: b)
Explanation:The “move” of an agent is defined with respect to the state it changes and not with respect to its actual position.
Q42. In which of the following situations might a blind search be acceptable?
a) real life situation
b) complex game
c) small search space
d) all of the mentioned
Answer: c) small search space
Q43. Knowledge may be
i) Declarative
ii) Procedural
iii) Non-procedural
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Only (iii)
d) Both (i) and (ii) above
Answer: d) Both (i) and (ii) above
Q44. Which instruments are used for perceiving and acting upon the environment?
a) Sensors and Actuators
b) Sensors
c) Perceiver
d) Perceiver and Sensor
Answer: a) Sensors and Actuators
Explanation:An agent is anything that can be viewed as perceiving and acting upon the environment through the sensors and actuators.
Q45. Agent’s structure can be viewed as?
a) Architecture
b) Agent Program
c) Architecture + Agent Program
d) None of the Above
Answer: c) Architecture + Agent Program
Q46. Which environment is called as semi dynamic?
a) Environment does not change with the passage of time
b) Agent performance changes
c) Environment does not change with the passage of time, but Agent performance changes
d) Environment will be changed
Answer: c)
Explanation:If the environment does not change with the passage of time, but the agent performance changes by time.
Q47. When will Hill-Climbing algorithm terminate?
a) Stopping criterion met
b) Global Min/Max is achieved
c) No neighbor has higher value
d) All of the above
Answer: c) No neighbor has higher value
Explanation:When no neighbor is having higher value, algorithm terminates fetching local min/max.
Q48. A* algorithm is based on _______
a) Breadth First Search
b) Best First Search
c) Depth First Search
d) Uniform Cost Search
Answer: b) Best First Search
Explanation:Best-first-search is giving the idea of optimization and quick choose of path, and all these characteristic lies in A* algorithm.
Q49. Which is mainly used for automated reasoning?
a) Backward chaining
b) Forward chaining
c) Parallel programming
d) Logic programming
Answer: d) Logic programming
Explanation:Logic programming is mainly used to check the working process of the system.
Q50. Translate the following statement into FOL “For every a, if a is a PhD student, then a has a master degree”
a) ∀ a PhD(a) -> Master(a)
b) ∃ a PhD(a) -> Master(a)
c) A is true, B is true
d) A is false, B is false
Answer: a) ∀ a PhD(a) -> Master(a)
Q51. Semantic Network is also known as Frame networks
a) true
b) false
Answer: a) true
Q52. Fuzzy Set theory defines fuzzy operators. Choose the fuzzy operators from the following:
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOT
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d) All of the mentioned
Explanation:The AND, OR and NOT operators of Boolean logic exists in fuzzy logic, usually defined as the minimum, maximum and complement.
Q53. The truth values of traditional set theory is _______ and that of fuzzy set is _______.
a) Either 0 or 1, between 0 & 1
b) Between 0 & 1, either 0 or 1
c) Between 0 & 1, between 0 & 1
d) Either 0 or 1, either 0 or 1
Answer: a) Either 0 or 1, between 0 & 1
Q54. Using logic to represent and reason we can represent knowledge about the world with facts and rules.
a) true
b) false
Answer: a) true
Q55. How is Fuzzy Logic different from conventional control methods?
a) IF and THEN Approach
b) FOR approach
c) WHILE approach
d) DO approach
Answer: a) IF and THEN Approach
Explanation:FL incorporates a simple, rule-based IF X AND Y THEN Z approach to a solving control problem rather than attempting to model a system mathematically.
Q56. Graph used to represent semantic network is _________
a) Undirected graph
b) Directed graph
c) Directed Acyclic graph (DAG)
d) Directed complete graph
Answer: b) Directed graph
Explanation:Semantic Network is a directed graph consisting of vertices, which represent concepts and edges, which represent semantic relations between the concepts.
Q57. _____ is/are the way/s to represent uncertainty.
a) Fuzzy Logic
b) Probability
c) Entropy
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d) All of the mentioned
Q58. What is the process of associating a FOL expression with a phrase?
a) Interpretation
b) Semantic interpretation
c) Augmented reality
d) Augmented interpretation
Answer: b) Semantic interpretation
Q59. Which is not a property of representation of knowledge?
a) Representational Verification
b) Representational Adequacy
c) Inferential Adequacy
d) Inferential Efficiency
Answer: a) Representational Verification
Q60. Which of the following are components of Expert Systems?
a) Knowledge Base
b) Inference Engine
c) User Interface
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
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